2025年全国医学英语水平考试（METS二级）经典试题及答案四
2025/1/4
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2025年全国医学英语水平考试（METS二级）经典试题及答案四,更多相关资讯请继续查看易考吧全国医护英语水平考试
1). (共用选项)1.AIDS， acquired immune deficiency syndrome， is associated with the immune system deficits.AIDS is determined to be the end stage of chronic infection with HIV.HIV infected individuals and AIDS clients can transmit HIV to others within a few days after initial infection.Transmission of HIV has occurred through sexual intercourse with an HIV infected partner， exposure to HIV infected blood or body fluid， and prenatal transmission during pregnancy， at the time of delivery or through breastfeeding;2.Hepatitis is the widespread inflammation of liver cells.Vital hepatitis， the most prevalent type， results from an infection caused by one of five major categories of viruses： Hepatitis A virus (HAV)， Hepatitis B virus (HBV)， Hepatitis C (non-A， non- B) virus， Hepatitis D virus (HDV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV).Causes of hepatitis include viral infections，drugs， chemicals， toxins and so on.Viral inflammation of the liver is the most common form of hepatitis;3.Tiuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (结核分枝杆菌).Infection with these organisms occurs primarily through inhalation of droplets emitted by infected people during coughing， laughing， sneering and singing.The lungs are most commonly affected.The following factors affect the risk for infection： characteristics of the infection person， the amount of air contamination， the duration of exposure， and the susceptibility of the host;4.The oxygen and nutrients the brain needs to function are carried in blood Rabies is a .frequently fatal， acute viral infection which is transmitted to humans by infected animals via a bite or by the exposure of broken skin to an infected animal’s saliva.Rabies is transmitted by infected saliva that enters the body through a bite wound or other open wound.The virus travels from the wound along nerve pathways to the brain， where it causes inflammation that results in the symptoms of the disease.The incubation period ranges from 10 days to 7 years， with the average being 3 to 7 weeks;5.Severe acute respratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the SARS coronavirus.Initial symptoms are flu-like and may include fever，myalgia， lethargy symptoms， cough， sore throat and other nonspecific symptoms.The only symptom common to all patients appears to be a fever above 38℃.Shortness of breath may occur later.The patient has symptoms as with a cold in the first stage， but later on they resemble influenza.SARS may occasionally lead to pneumonia， either direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia;6.Avia infuenza - known informally as avian fu or bird fu - refers to influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds.The type with the greatest risk is highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).It refers to an illness caused by any of many y different strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host.All known viruses that cause influenza in birds belong to the species influenza A virus.There are many subtypes of avian influenza viruses， but only some strains of five subtypes have been known to infect humans： H5N1， H7N3， H7N7， H7N9 and H9N2The disease is about inflammation of liver cells.( )
正确答案：B
2). (共用选项)1.Heart failure is a syndrome that causes a reduction in the heart’s ability to pump .blood.Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath， excessive tiredness，and leg swelling.The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise， while lying down， and may wake the person at night.There are two main types of heart failure：heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on whether the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected， or the heart’s ability to relax;2.Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been the third cause of death in China.It is the most common type within the group of cardiovascular diseases.A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder， arm， back， neck or jaw.Occasionally it may feel like heartburn.The first sign is occasionally a heart attack.Risk factors include： high blood pressure， smoking， diabetes， lack of exercise， obesity， poor diet， excessive alcohol and others;3.Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP.In adults， hypertension exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 90 mmHg for extended periods of time.The diagnosis of hypertension requires that elevated reading be present on at least three occasions during several weeks.The risk factors of hypertension include family history， age， race， high sodium salt intake， obesity， excess alcohol consumption， stress and lack of physical activity;4.Infective Endocarditis (感染性心内膜炎) refers to a bacterial infection involving any portion of the endothelial lining of the heart， which includes the valves.The signs and symptoms include fever， endurance fatigue， heart murmurs(心脏杂音)， weight loss and coughing.Many microorganisms can cause infective endocarditis.These are generally isolated by blood culture， where the patient’s blood is removed and any growth is noted and identified;5.Valvular heart disease (心脏瓣膜疾病) is a disease involving one or more of the four valves of the heart.These conditions occur largely as a result of aging.Most people are in their late 50s when diagnosed.Treatment may be with medication， but often involves valve repair or replacement.Valvular heart damage associated with high maternal and fetal risk during pregnancy;6.Varicose veins (静脉曲张) are veins that have become enlarged and twisted， commonly refers to the veins on the leg， although varicose veins can occur elsewhere.When it occurs， blood on the leg will flow backwards and enlarge even more instead of returning to the heart.Varicose veins can be painful， especially when standing.Severe long-standing varicose veins can lead to leg swelling， venous eczema (湿疹)， skin thickening(皮肤增厚) and ulcerationThe treatment involves valve repair or replacement.( )
正确答案：E
3). Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)■I.( )…………■II.If you suspect that the person has sustained spinal or neck injury，( )…………■III.Kneel on the right side of the person.( )………… Tap the person’s shoulder and shout“Are you okay？”■IV.Check for breathing about 5 to 10 seconds.Look down towards the person’s chest to see if it is moving.Listen with your ear for any airflow through the mouth or nose.Feel with your check if there is any air coming out of the mouth.At the same time，check for carotid pulse.■V.If the person has no pulse，begin with the chest compression.■VI.Position the person supine.Loosening tight collar and belt.( )…………■VII.Push hard and fast.Every 30 times compressions follow with 2 rescue breaths.■VIII.( )…………Between each breath allow lungs to relax as the person exhales.■IX.After 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) of CPR，recheck circulation.■X.If pulses are still absent，continue CPR cycle until help arrives.The whole process is at least 30 minutes.( )
A.Clear and open the airway
B.Determine unresponsiveness
C.Be sure to keep your fingers up off the chest wall
D.DO NOT move or shake him
E.Check the scene for safety
F.Place the person’s arms alongside the body
正确答案：D
......
1). (共用选项)1.AIDS， acquired immune deficiency syndrome， is associated with the immune system deficits.AIDS is determined to be the end stage of chronic infection with HIV.HIV infected individuals and AIDS clients can transmit HIV to others within a few days after initial infection.Transmission of HIV has occurred through sexual intercourse with an HIV infected partner， exposure to HIV infected blood or body fluid， and prenatal transmission during pregnancy， at the time of delivery or through breastfeeding;2.Hepatitis is the widespread inflammation of liver cells.Vital hepatitis， the most prevalent type， results from an infection caused by one of five major categories of viruses： Hepatitis A virus (HAV)， Hepatitis B virus (HBV)， Hepatitis C (non-A， non- B) virus， Hepatitis D virus (HDV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV).Causes of hepatitis include viral infections，drugs， chemicals， toxins and so on.Viral inflammation of the liver is the most common form of hepatitis;3.Tiuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (结核分枝杆菌).Infection with these organisms occurs primarily through inhalation of droplets emitted by infected people during coughing， laughing， sneering and singing.The lungs are most commonly affected.The following factors affect the risk for infection： characteristics of the infection person， the amount of air contamination， the duration of exposure， and the susceptibility of the host;4.The oxygen and nutrients the brain needs to function are carried in blood Rabies is a .frequently fatal， acute viral infection which is transmitted to humans by infected animals via a bite or by the exposure of broken skin to an infected animal’s saliva.Rabies is transmitted by infected saliva that enters the body through a bite wound or other open wound.The virus travels from the wound along nerve pathways to the brain， where it causes inflammation that results in the symptoms of the disease.The incubation period ranges from 10 days to 7 years， with the average being 3 to 7 weeks;5.Severe acute respratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the SARS coronavirus.Initial symptoms are flu-like and may include fever，myalgia， lethargy symptoms， cough， sore throat and other nonspecific symptoms.The only symptom common to all patients appears to be a fever above 38℃.Shortness of breath may occur later.The patient has symptoms as with a cold in the first stage， but later on they resemble influenza.SARS may occasionally lead to pneumonia， either direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia;6.Avia infuenza - known informally as avian fu or bird fu - refers to influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds.The type with the greatest risk is highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).It refers to an illness caused by any of many y different strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host.All known viruses that cause influenza in birds belong to the species influenza A virus.There are many subtypes of avian influenza viruses， but only some strains of five subtypes have been known to infect humans： H5N1， H7N3， H7N7， H7N9 and H9N2The disease is about inflammation of liver cells.( )
正确答案：B
2). (共用选项)1.Heart failure is a syndrome that causes a reduction in the heart’s ability to pump .blood.Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath， excessive tiredness，and leg swelling.The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise， while lying down， and may wake the person at night.There are two main types of heart failure：heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on whether the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected， or the heart’s ability to relax;2.Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been the third cause of death in China.It is the most common type within the group of cardiovascular diseases.A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder， arm， back， neck or jaw.Occasionally it may feel like heartburn.The first sign is occasionally a heart attack.Risk factors include： high blood pressure， smoking， diabetes， lack of exercise， obesity， poor diet， excessive alcohol and others;3.Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP.In adults， hypertension exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 90 mmHg for extended periods of time.The diagnosis of hypertension requires that elevated reading be present on at least three occasions during several weeks.The risk factors of hypertension include family history， age， race， high sodium salt intake， obesity， excess alcohol consumption， stress and lack of physical activity;4.Infective Endocarditis (感染性心内膜炎) refers to a bacterial infection involving any portion of the endothelial lining of the heart， which includes the valves.The signs and symptoms include fever， endurance fatigue， heart murmurs(心脏杂音)， weight loss and coughing.Many microorganisms can cause infective endocarditis.These are generally isolated by blood culture， where the patient’s blood is removed and any growth is noted and identified;5.Valvular heart disease (心脏瓣膜疾病) is a disease involving one or more of the four valves of the heart.These conditions occur largely as a result of aging.Most people are in their late 50s when diagnosed.Treatment may be with medication， but often involves valve repair or replacement.Valvular heart damage associated with high maternal and fetal risk during pregnancy;6.Varicose veins (静脉曲张) are veins that have become enlarged and twisted， commonly refers to the veins on the leg， although varicose veins can occur elsewhere.When it occurs， blood on the leg will flow backwards and enlarge even more instead of returning to the heart.Varicose veins can be painful， especially when standing.Severe long-standing varicose veins can lead to leg swelling， venous eczema (湿疹)， skin thickening(皮肤增厚) and ulcerationThe treatment involves valve repair or replacement.( )
正确答案：E
3). Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)■I.( )…………■II.If you suspect that the person has sustained spinal or neck injury，( )…………■III.Kneel on the right side of the person.( )………… Tap the person’s shoulder and shout“Are you okay？”■IV.Check for breathing about 5 to 10 seconds.Look down towards the person’s chest to see if it is moving.Listen with your ear for any airflow through the mouth or nose.Feel with your check if there is any air coming out of the mouth.At the same time，check for carotid pulse.■V.If the person has no pulse，begin with the chest compression.■VI.Position the person supine.Loosening tight collar and belt.( )…………■VII.Push hard and fast.Every 30 times compressions follow with 2 rescue breaths.■VIII.( )…………Between each breath allow lungs to relax as the person exhales.■IX.After 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) of CPR，recheck circulation.■X.If pulses are still absent，continue CPR cycle until help arrives.The whole process is at least 30 minutes.( )
A.Clear and open the airway
B.Determine unresponsiveness
C.Be sure to keep your fingers up off the chest wall
D.DO NOT move or shake him
E.Check the scene for safety
F.Place the person’s arms alongside the body
正确答案：D
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